Bronchitis

Bronchitis: Bronchitis is a condition in which the bronchial tubes, the airways that carry air to and from the lungs, become inflamed and swollen. This inflammation causes the lining of the airways to produce more mucus, which can block airflow and lead to symptoms such as persistent cough, chest discomfort, shortness of breath, and fatigue. Bronchitis can be acute, often caused by viral or bacterial infections and lasting for a short time, or chronic, which is a long-term condition usually linked to smoking, air pollution, or long-term exposure to irritants. Acute bronchitis often develops after a cold or flu, while chronic bronchitis is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that can cause lasting damage to the lungs. The condition can affect people of all ages, but those with weakened immune systems, existing lung problems, or frequent exposure to irritants are at higher risk. Treatment depends on the type and cause—acute bronchitis usually improves with rest, fluids, and symptom relief, while chronic bronchitis may require ongoing medication, lifestyle changes, and pulmonary rehabilitation. By managing triggers and following medical advice, symptoms can be controlled, and complications can be reduced.